Abstract
This essay offers an in-depth exploration of the phenomenon of the erotic kiss in some ancient and Byzantine novels, namely Daphnis and Chloe, Leucippe and Clitophon, and Hysmine and Hysminias, where it features as an elaborate practice with underlying (if competing) theories regarding its utility. The essay demonstrates that in these novels, the kiss invokes the various ‘turns’—material, spatial, temporal, dermatological, vocal, and briefly, animal and vegetal—that have lately inflected the humanities. Additionally, the erotic kiss as subject, object, and act, pushes to the foreground the tensions embodied in period conceptions of real presence.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
All quotations from Eumathios Makrembolites’ Hysmine and Hysminias are from Elizabeth Jeffreys’ translation (2012). References are given within parentheses in the shortened form H&H.
All quotations from Longus’ Daphnis and Chloe are from Paul Turner’s translation (1989). References are given within parentheses in the shortened form D&C.
All quotations from Achilles Tatius’ Leucippe and Clitophon are from Tim Whitmarsh’s translation (2001). References are given within parentheses in the shortened form L&C.
All quotations from Constantine Manasses’ Aristandros and Kallithea are from Elizabeth Jeffreys’ translation (2012). References are given within parentheses in the shortened form A&K.
References
Achilles Tatius. 2001. Leucippe and Clitophon. Translated by Tim Whitmarsh. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Barber, Charles. 2002. Figure and Likeness. On the Limits of Representation in Byzantine Iconoclasm. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Barber, Charles. 2007. Contesting the Logic of Painting. Art and Understanding in Eleventh-Century Byzantium. Leiden: Brill.
Bartsch, Shadi. 1989. Decoding the Ancient Novel. The Reader and the Role of Description in Heliodorus and Achilles Tatius. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Bartsch, Shadi, and Thomas Bartscherer, eds. 2005. Erotikon: Essays on Eros, Ancient and Modern. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Bedos-Rezak, Brigitte. 2011. When Ego was Imago: Signs of Identity in the Middle Ages. Leiden: Brill.
Betancourt, Roland. 2020. Byzantine Intersectionality: Sexuality, Gender, and Race in the Middle Ages. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Bray, Alan. 2003. The Friend. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Burton, Joan. 1998. ‘Reviving the Pagan Greek Novel in a Christian World.’ Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 39:179–216.
Camille, Michael. 1991. ‘Gothic Signs and the Surplus: The Kiss on the Cathedral.’ In ‘Contexts: Style and Values in Medieval Art and Literature,’ edited by Daniel Poirion and Nancy Freeman Regalado. Special issue, Yale French Studies: 151–70.
Carson, Ann. 1986. Eros the Bittersweet. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Cavarero, Adriana. 2005. For More Than One Voice. Toward a Philosophy of Vocal Expression. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
Constantine Manasses. 2012. Aristandros and Kallithea. In Four Byzantine Novels, translated by Elizabeth Jeffreys. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
Copeland, Rita. 2021. Emotion and the History of Rhetoric in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Darwin, Charles. 1872. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. London: John Murray.
Eumathios Makrembolites. 2012. Hysmine and Hysminias. In Four Byzantine Novels, translated by Elizabeth Jeffreys. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
Gray, Erik. 2018. The Art of Love Poetry. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Halperin, David M., John J. Winkler, and Froma I. Zeitlin, eds. 1990. Before Sexuality. The Construction of Erotic Experience in the Ancient Greek World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Howes, David. 2018. ‘The Skinscape: Reflections on the Dermatological Turn.’ Body & Society 24 (1–2): 225–39.
Kaldellis, Anthony. 2009. Hellenism in Byzantium. The Transformations of Greek Identity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Leader-Newby, Ruth. 2004. Silver and Society in Late Antiquity: Functions and Meanings of Silver Plate in the Fourth to Seventh Centuries. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Lees-Jeffries, Hester. 2007. England’s Helicon: Fountains in Early Modern Literature and Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Longus. 1989. Daphnis and Chloe. Translated with a revised introduction by Paul Turner. London: Penguin.
McNamer, Sarah. 2015. ‘The Literariness of Literature and the History of Emotion.’ PMLA 130, no. 5 (October): 1433–42.
Messis, Charis. 2014. ‘Fluid Dreams, Solid Consciences: Erotic Dreams in Byzantium.’ In Dreaming in Byzantium and Beyond, edited by Christine Angelidi and George T. Calofonos, 187–205. Farnham: Ashgate.
Morales, Helen. 2004. Vision and Narrative in Achilles Tatius’ ‘Leucippe and Clitophon.’ Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Niketas Eugenianos. 2012. Drosilla and Charikles. In Four Byzantine Novels, translated by Elizabeth Jeffreys. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
Nilsson, Ingela. 2001. Erotic Pathos, Rhetorical Pleasure: Narrative Technique and Mimesis in Eumathios Makrembolites’ ‘Hysmine & Hysminias.’ Uppsala: Uppsala University Press.
Nilsson, Ingela, ed. 2009. Plotting with Eros. Essays on the Poetics of Love and the Erotics of Reading. Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen Press.
Nilsson, Ingela. 2016. ‘Words, water, and power: literary fountains and metaphors of patronage in eleventh- and twelfth-century Byzantium.’ In Fountains and Water Culture in Byzantium, edited by Paul Stephenson and Brooke Shilling, 265–80. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Nilsson, Ingela. 2017. ‘To Touch or Not To Touch: Erotic Tactility in Byzantine Literature.’ In Knowing Bodies, Passionate Souls. Sense Perceptions in Byzantium, edited by Margaret Mullett and Susan Ashbrook Harvey, 239–60. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.
Peers, Glenn. 2009. ‘Icons’ Spirited Love.’ Religion and the Arts 13:218–47.
Peers, Glenn. 2020. Animism, Materiality, and Museums. How do Byzantine Things Feel? Leeds: Arc Humanities Press.
Penn, Michael Philip. 2005. Kissing Christians: Ritual and Community in the Late Ancient Church. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Petkov, Kiril. 2003. The Kiss of Peace. Ritual, Self, and Society in the High and Late Medieval West. Leiden: Brill.
Platt, Verity. 2006. ‘Making an Impression: Replication and the Ontology of the Graeco-Roman Seal.’ Art History 29 (2): 233–57.
Rhoby, Andreas. 2022. ‘Theodore Balsamon. Epigrams on a Golden Cup and a Letter about these Verses.’ In Byzantine Texts on Art and Aesthetics. From the Komnenoi to the Early Palaiologoi (1080–circa 1330), edited by Foteini Spingou and Charles Barber, 869–75. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Richlin, Amy, ed. 1992. Pornography and Representation in Greece and Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Roilos, Panagiotis. 2006. Amphoteroglossia: A Poetics of the Twelfth-Century Medieval Greek Novel. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Williams, Linda. 2006. ‘Of Kisses and Ellipses: The Long Adolescence of American Movies.’ Critical Inquiry 32 (2): 288–340.
Acknowledgements
I am grateful to Helmut Puff for introducing me to the work of Alan Bray when I first decided to work on the topic of kisses. I am also indebted to the editors of postmedieval, editor-in-chief Shazia Jagot and managing editor Nicola Estrafallaces, and the anonymous reviewers for their comments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Chatterjee, P. The erotic kiss in ancient and Byzantine novels. Postmedieval (2024). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41280-024-00343-0
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41280-024-00343-0