Skip to main content

Optimization of Green Infrastructure

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Optimization

Introduction

Green infrastructure (GI) is a resilient approach to managing wet weather threats to infrastructure, public health, and environmental systems. Instead of carrying water inputs such as precipitation and snowmelt [1] away from development, it ensnares runoff as close as it can to its source [2, 3]. It does this by absorbing, storing, or filtering water by using soil, vegetation, and biogeochemical processes. GI is a key component of low impact development (LID) [4, 5] and can be used independently of, or in concurrence with, conventional water management systems (e.g., gray infrastructure) such as single purpose pipe drainage [1, 2]. When facing uncertainty, GI can also be referred to as adaptive management (AM). This concept has been created to support managers when developing new metrics in highly connected systems [4].

According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), there are many identifiable GI practices. These practices are of two types, natural and...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Golden HE, Hoghooghi N (2018) Green infrastructure and its catchment-scale effects: an emerging science. WIREs Water 5(1):1254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. EPA Website (2021) Learn about green infrastructure

    Google Scholar 

  3. Lim TC, Welty C (2018) Assessing variability and uncertainty in green infrastructure planning using a high-resolution surface-subsurface hydrological model and site-monitored flow data. Front Built Environ 4:71

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Beauchamp P, Adamowski J (2013) An integrated framework for the development of green infrastructure: a literature review. Eur J Sustain Dev 2:1–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Raei E et al. (2019) Multi-objective decision-making for green infrastructure planning (LID-BMPs) in urban storm water management under uncertainty. J Hydrol 579:124091

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Benedict M, MacMahon E (2002) Green infrastructure: smart conservation for the 21st century, vol 20

    Google Scholar 

  7. Stormwater median (2017). https://nacto.org/public ation/urban-street-stormwater-guide/stormwater-elem ents/green-infrastructure-configurations/stormwater- median/

  8. Booth DB, Leavitt J (1999) Field evaluation of permeable pavement systems for improved stormwater management. J Am Plan Assoc 65(3):314–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Kaluarachchi Y (2020) Potential advantages in combining smart and green infrastructure over silo approaches for future cities. Front Eng Manag 8: 98–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ramshani M, Khojandi A, Li X, Omitaomu O (2020) Optimal planning of the joint placement of photovoltaic panels and green roofs under climate change uncertainty. Omega 90:101986

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Roe M, Mell I (2013) Negotiating value and priorities: evaluating the demands of green infrastructure development. J Environ Plan Manag 56(5): 650–673

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Allen W, Amundsen O, Hoellen K (2009) Green infrastructure planning: recent advances and applications. Plan Advis Serv Memo PAS Memo May/June 2009:12–13

    Google Scholar 

  13. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Field CB, Barros V, Stocker TF, Dahe Q (2012) Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation: special report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  14. McDonald RI, Green P, Balk D, Fekete BM, Revenga C, Todd M, Montgomery M (2011) Urban growth, climate change, and freshwater availability. Proc Natl Acad Sci 108(15):6312–6317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kazak JK, Chruściński J, Szewrański S (2018) The development of a novel decision support system for the location of green infrastructure for stormwater management. Sustainability 10(12):4388

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. (Sam) Shamsi UM, Schombert JW, Lennon LJ (2014) Sustain applications for mapping and modeling green stormwater infrastructure

    Google Scholar 

  17. eWater (2021) https://ewater.org.au/products/music/

  18. Barah M, Khojandi A, Li X, Hathaway J, Omitaomu O (2021) Optimizing green infrastructure placement under precipitation uncertainty. Omega 100:102196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Liu Y, Theller LO, Pijanowski BC, Engel BA (2016) Optimal selection and placement of green infrastructure to reduce impacts of land use change and climate change on hydrology and water quality: an application to the trail creek watershed, Indiana. Sci Total Environ 553:149–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Loáiciga HA, Majid Sadeghi K, Shivers S, Kharaghani S (2015) Stormwater control measures: optimization methods for sizing and selection. J Water Res Plan Manag 141(9):04015006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Wang J, Liu J, Wang H, Mei C (2020) Approaches to multi-objective optimization and assessment of green infrastructure and their multi-functional effectiveness: a review. Water 12(10):2714

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Torres MN, Fontecha JE, Walteros JL, Zhu Z, Ahmed Z, Rodríguez JP, Rabideau AJ (2021) City-scale optimal location planning of green infrastructure using piece-wise linear interpolation and exact optimization methods. J Hydrol 601:126540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Monteiro R, Ferreira J, Antunes P (2020) Green infrastructure planning principles: an integrated literature review. Land 9:525

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Daniels TL, Daniels K (2019) The environmental planning handbook: for sustainable communities and regions. Routledge, American Planning Association, Planners Press, Chicago, IL

    Google Scholar 

  25. USGS (2021) The 100-year flood. https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/100-year-flood

  26. Lee J, Leyffer S (2012) Mixed integer nonlinear programming. Springer, New York

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Puterman ML (2014) Markov decision processes: discrete stochastic dynamic programming. Wiley series in probability and statistics. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anahita Khojandi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Wood-Ponce, R., Khojandi, A., Hathaway, J. (2023). Optimization of Green Infrastructure. In: Pardalos, P.M., Prokopyev, O.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Optimization. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54621-2_732-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54621-2_732-1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-54621-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-54621-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MathematicsReference Module Computer Science and Engineering

Publish with us

Policies and ethics